DeCure's autonomous Cancer AI scientist is researching a drug-repurposing hypothesis for Wolffian adnexal tumor — screening already-approved drugs against its 48-gene Open Targets disease module to publish open-access research. Research is fast; the path to publication is funded in milestone stages.
Disease moduleWolffian adnexal tumor maps to a 48-gene Open Targets module — the target space DeCure's AI scientist screens approved drugs against.
DeCure.ai methodSignature reversal (LINCS) plus network proximity (STRING) rank already-approved drugs likely to perturb this module — the same engine that produces DeCure.ai's repurposing hypotheses.
Repurposing thesisScreening approved medicines against this disease module, then publishing the evidence for the strongest candidate. Known pharmacology and human exposure data make the first question sharper — they do not establish safety or efficacy in a new indication.
Research record
01
ResearchComing soon
Candidate research + dossier — target rationale, drug-repurposing thesis and evidence pack.proof: Published dossier + on-chain hash
02
ValidationComing soon
In-vitro biological validation at a contract research org (CRO).proof: CRO contract + in-vitro report
03
Peer review & paperComing soon
Peer-reviewed paper published open-access (preprint + journal).proof: DOI + open-access link + on-chain hash
Current lead
No approved-drug candidate for wolffian adnexal tumor is corroborated in the literature DeepSearch retrieved. Some conditions are managed with non-pharmacological care — a device, surgery or physical therapy — rather than a medicine; that may be the case here, or the literature we found may simply be too sparse yet to support a drug-repurposing angle.
Molecular view
neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (NTRK3) — NTRK3 is one of the genes genetically linked to this disease in Open Targets — shown as context, not as a drug target we're pursuing: no approved-drug candidate for this disease is yet corroborated in the literature we found.
Loading structure…
helix sheet 4-aminophenyldrag to rotate · scroll to zoom
RCSB Protein Data Bank · entry 6KZD · 1.708 Å · ligand 3-[2-[6-(4-aminophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl]ethynyl]-2-methyl-~{N}-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-5-propan-2-yl-phenyl]benzamide (DZ6). Experimental structure, not a prediction.
What the evidence adds up to
Three cases of female adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) underwent next-generation sequencing in a 2017 pilot study. Each tumour carried a missense mutation in a different gene: CTNNB1 and MET in the first, PIK3CA in the second, and BRAF and CDKN2A in the third. Two variants of unknown functional effect were found in KDR and TP53. The authors concluded that genetic heterogeneity was present and that no constant involvement of common tumorigenesis pathways was found. A 2025 case report also detected a CTNNB1 mutation (c.98C>G, p.S33C) in a single FATWO; that patient had no recurrence or metastasis at two years after tumour resection, hysterectomy, and bilateral adnexectomy. The 2025 report notes it is the fourth study to have performed next-generation sequencing on a FATWO.
A separate 2015 case report described a FATWO with a biphasic histologic pattern (epithelioid and spindle cell components). The tumour cells were diffusely positive for oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and positive for C-kit. The authors stated that C-kit positivity provides additional evidence for possible therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but added that the frequency of c-kit expression in this tumour and its relevance to therapeutic efficacy are unknown and merit further study. No clinical response data for any tyrosine kinase inhibitor in FATWO were provided in any of the abstracts.
A 2002 case report described a 31-year-old woman with a 6 cm FATWO located within the leaves of the Fallopian tube; excision was performed with bipolar coagulation. The authors stated that FATWO may be low-grade malignancies and that the patient should be followed up regularly. A 2017 retrospective case series of 11 patients with rare cutaneous malignant adnexal tumours of the head and neck (not FATWO) reported a mean age of 54 years, a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1, and surgery as the primary treatment; eight patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Two patients developed local recurrence, one regional recurrence, and two distant metastasis. That series is included here because the search returned it, but it concerns a different disease entity.
What is still missing: prospective multi-centre registries or trials for FATWO, given its extreme rarity; systematic collection of genomic data from more than the four sequenced cases; any clinical trial testing a targeted agent (such as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in FATWO; and a reliable method to stratify patients by risk of recurrence or metastasis.
Evidence
Retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works and resolved on OpenAlex — ranked by citations, including the results that did not work.
International Journal of Gynecological Pathology · 2017 · 36 citations
Female Adnexal Tumors of Probable Wolffian Origin (FATWO): A Case Series With Next-Generation Sequencing Mutation Analysis
AbstractFemale adnexal tumors of probable Wolffian origin are rare gynecologic tumors with <90 cases reported in the current scientific literature. Their clinical features have been described extensively; less is known about the pathophysiological mechanisms and the molecular alterations underlying their development and growth. We performed a complete histopathologic examination and a systematic mutation analysis using a next-generation sequencing approach on 3 female adnexal tumors of probable Wolffian origin from the archives of our institution to detect possible genetic alterations and to explore their role in the development of these rare tumors. The 3 cases contained missense mutations in different genes belonging to distinct molecular pathways: CTNNB1 and MET mutations for the first case, PIK3CA for the second one, and BRAF and CDKN2A for the third one. Two variants with an unknown functional effect on the protein were found in KDR and TP53 genes. In conclusion, genetic heterogeneity was found in our series. No constant involvement of the most common pathways involved in tumorigenesis was found; nevertheless, further studies are necessary to confirm the results of this pilot study.
Journal of Medical Case Reports · 2017 · 31 citations · open access
Retrospective study of rare cutaneous malignant adnexal tumors of the head and neck in a tertiary care cancer hospital: a case series
AbstractBACKGROUND: Adnexal tumors of the skin are a large and diverse group of benign and malignant neoplasms, which exhibit morphological differentiation toward one of the different types of adnexal epithelium present in normal skin and they pose a diagnostic challenge. The purpose of this study is to share our experience with these rare but aggressive tumors at a tertiary care cancer hospital in a developing country. A retrospective review of 11 patients diagnosed with rare adnexal tumors and their variants from January 2005 to December 2014, treated either surgically or non-surgically, was performed to describe the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of the disease. CASE PRESENTATION: A total of 11 patients were diagnosed with adnexal carcinoma and its variants: a 34-year-old Sindhi man, a 59-year-old Punjabi woman, a 32-year-old woman from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a 43-year-old Punjabi woman, a 64-year-old Punjabi man, a 51-year-old man from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a 51-year-old Punjabi woman, a 74-year-old Punjabi woman, a 75-year-old Punjabi man, a 61-year-old man from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and a 53-year-old man from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The histological variations were sebaceous differentiation (n = 4), microcystic adnexal carcinoma (n = 4), trichilemmal carcinoma (n = 1), pilomatrix carcinoma (n = 1), and hidradenocarcinoma (n = 1). The mean age at presentation was 54 years (range 32 to 75). The primary subsite of involvement was the scalp in nine patients followed by eyelids in two patients. Surgery was the primary treatment modality in almost all patients; postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) was offered to eight patients. The median dose of radiation was 45 Gy to the primary site. Indications for radiotherapy included close margins (n = 2), positive margins (n = 1), high grade histology (n = 4), and multifocal disease (n = 1). On follow-up, two patients presented with local, one regional and two patients developed distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: Adnexal carcinomas are rare tumors with diverse histological patterns and a tendency for locoregional and distant metastasis. Surgery should be the mainstay of treatment reserving radiotherapy for adjuvant, palliative, and re-treatment scenarios.
Human Pathology Case Reports · 2015 · 4 citations · open access
Female Adnexal Tumors of Probable Wolffian Origin with a Biphasic Histologic Growth Pattern and Positive for C-kit
AbstractFemale Adnexal Tumor of Probable Wolffian Origin (FATWO) is believed to be derived from the mesonephric (Wolffian) remnants commonly located in the broad ligament. Here we report a case of FATWO with unique histologic growth pattern. The tumor has a solid growth pattern with both epithelioid and spindle cell components. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed tumor cells to be diffusely positive for Estrogen receptor (ER) and Progesterone receptor (PR). The epithelioid areas were positive for AE1/3, CK-7 and CAM 5.2. The spindle cell areas were positive for Vimentin and CD10. The tumor cells were negative for Inhibin, CK20, P53, CA125, CD99, Calretenin and CK5/6. Interestingly, the tumor cells are positive for C-kit, which provides additional evidence for possible therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, the frequency of c-kit expression in this tumor and its relevance to therapeutic efficacy using TKI for the recurrent and metastatic tumor are unknown and merit further study.
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology · 2025 · 3 citations · open access
Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO): a case report and literature review
AbstractFemale adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) is a rare gynecologic tumor. We describe a case of 53-year-old female patient in whom an adnexal mass was found. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumor arose in the adnexal soft tissue, composed of bland cells with an admixture of solid and sieve-like patterning, while presenting a high mitotic activity. Tumor cells were positive for Vimentin, CD10, and hormone receptors, while showing variable expression for sex cord-stromal markers, and was negative for GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3), and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1). The definitive diagnosis was FATWO. Subsequently, we conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) in this case, and a CTNNB1 (c.98C>G, p.S33C) mutation was detected. The patient underwent tumor resection, hysterectomy, and bilateral adnexectomy, followed by annual computed tomography scans for monitoring. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was observed at the 2-year postoperative follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth study having performed NGS on a FATWO. To further elucidate this rare neoplasm and improve the accuracy of diagnosis, we conducted a comparative analysis of the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of our case with those previously reported in the literature, subsequently discussing the differential diagnosis.
AbstractABSTRACT Objective Case report of unusual clinical and histological consequence of a female adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO). Subject A 31‐year‐old woman with a 6 cm diameter adnexal tumour. Interventions The tumour was located within the leaves of the Fallopian tube. Excision was done using two atraumatic grasping forceps and bipolar coagulation. Result The duration of the operation was 70 min. Histological examination confirmed a FATWO. Conclusion FATWO may be low‐grade malignancies. The patient should be followed up regularly.
Tumors of female reproductive system · 2024 · 0 citations · open access
Embryonic heritage: a unique case of Wolffian duct tumor in a 75-year-old female patient Modern approaches to morphological diagnostics
AbstractFemale adnexal tumor of Wolffian origin is an extremely rare and poorly studied tumor arising from remnants of Wolffian (mesonephric) duct and having an ambiguous malignancy potential. Immunohistochemical diagnostics of these tumors is important to exclude other pathologies. Interpretation of the prognosis is ambiguous. There are no clear standards for surgical or chemotherapeutic treatment. This is due to the lack of a sufficient number of observations and clinical studies. The article presents a clinical case of Wolffian duct tumor diagnosed in a 75-year-old patient, with a discussion of the terminological, morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features of the tumor.
Disease module: DeepOracle (Open Targets). Structures: RDKit from PubChem SMILES. Literature: retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works (targeted per-candidate search), resolved on OpenAlex.
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