DeCure for Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19
DeCure's autonomous Neuro AI scientist is researching a drug-repurposing hypothesis for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19 — screening already-approved drugs against its 1-gene Open Targets disease module to publish open-access research. Research is fast; the path to publication is funded in milestone stages.
Disease moduleDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19 maps to a 1-gene Open Targets module — the target space DeCure's AI scientist screens approved drugs against.
DeCure.ai methodSignature reversal (LINCS) plus network proximity (STRING) rank already-approved drugs likely to perturb this module — the same engine that produces DeCure.ai's repurposing hypotheses.
Repurposing thesisScreening approved medicines against this disease module, then publishing the evidence for the strongest candidate. Known pharmacology and human exposure data make the first question sharper — they do not establish safety or efficacy in a new indication.
Research record
01
ResearchComing soon
Candidate research + dossier — target rationale, drug-repurposing thesis and evidence pack.proof: Published dossier + on-chain hash
02
ValidationComing soon
In-vitro biological validation at a contract research org (CRO).proof: CRO contract + in-vitro report
03
Peer review & paperComing soon
Peer-reviewed paper published open-access (preprint + journal).proof: DOI + open-access link + on-chain hash
Current lead
No approved-drug candidate for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 19 is corroborated in the literature DeepSearch retrieved. Some conditions are managed with non-pharmacological care — a device, surgery or physical therapy — rather than a medicine; that may be the case here, or the literature we found may simply be too sparse yet to support a drug-repurposing angle.
What the evidence adds up to
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 19 is one of a group of heterogeneous disorders characterised by drug-resistant seizures and neurodevelopmental delay, with onset typically in infancy or early childhood and an overall poor prognosis. The term DEE itself refers to the situation where cognitive functions are influenced by both seizure activity and the underlying neurobiological process. A 2021 review notes that neurocognition, while not improved by seizure control alone, may benefit from some precision therapies. The same review distinguishes between developmental encephalopathy, where epileptiform activity has minimal effect on function and aggressive antiseizure medication is unlikely to help, and epileptic encephalopathy, where cognition is directly impacted by epileptic activity and most patients can revert to near-normal baseline with appropriate intervention. Patients with DEE might benefit from a precision medicine approach to reduce the overall burden of epilepsy.
A 2025 systematic review assessed the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in children with DEEs. The review included 13 studies covering 656 children. Cannabidiol was administered at a maximum dose of 50 mg/kg/day. Almost all studies reported positive outcomes, with a reduction of 50% or more in seizure frequency in at least 20% of patients across 10 studies. Adverse events were relatively common and included somnolence, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, fatigue, and increased serum aminotransferases; most were mild to moderate and reversible. The review concluded that cannabidiol was well tolerated and effectively reduced seizure frequency in children whose seizures were uncontrolled with concomitant antiepileptic medications. However, the same review notes that none of the currently available drugs have succeeded in suppressing epileptiform activity in these conditions.
Earlier literature underscores the limitations of current care. A 2013 review states that diagnostic criteria are not well developed and treatment options are very limited, meaning patients cannot receive adequate treatment, which further aggravates the encephalopathy. A 2006 case report describes a child whose epilepsy evolved from treatment-responsive focal epilepsy to treatment-resistant focal epilepsy with an epileptic encephalopathy between 18 months and 3 years, illustrating poorly understood age-related changes in seizure susceptibility and drug responsiveness. A 2015 article notes that cognitive and developmental outcomes are hypothesised to result from an interplay between the underlying epileptic pathology and the acquired consequences of frequent seizures, but presents critical questions that remain unanswered.
What is still missing are long-term data on cannabidiol’s effects beyond seizure frequency, particularly on development and quality of life. No trial has yet demonstrated that any drug can suppress the underlying epileptiform activity in DEE, and the genetic heterogeneity of these conditions means that patient stratification for precision therapies remains largely unachieved. Funding for adequately powered, long-term trials that measure developmental outcomes rather than seizure counts alone is lacking.
Evidence
Retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works and resolved on OpenAlex — ranked by citations, including the results that did not work.
Epileptic Disorders · 2021 · 126 citations · open access
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: recognition and approaches to care
AbstractThe term "developmental and epileptic encephalopathy" (DEE) refers to when cognitive functions are influenced by both seizure and interictal epileptiform activity and the neurobiological process behind the epilepsy. Many DEEs are related to gene variants and the onset is typically during early childhood. In this setting, neurocognition, whilst not improved by seizure control, may benefit from some precision therapies. In patients with non-progressive diseases with cognitive impairment and co-existing epilepsy, in whom the epileptiform activity does not affect or has minimal effect on function, the term "developmental encephalopathy" (DE) can be used. In contrast, for those patients with direct impact on cognition due to epileptic or epileptiform activity, the term "epileptic encephalopathy" (EE) is preferred, as most can revert to their normal or near normal baseline cognitive state with appropriate intervention. These children need aggressive treatment. Clinicians must tailor care towards individual needs and realistic expectations for each affected person; those with DE are unlikely to gain from aggressive antiseizure medication whilst those with EE will gain. Patients with DEE might benefit from a precision medicine approach in order to reduce the overall burden of epilepsy.
Epileptic encephalopathies: Optimizing seizure control and developmental outcome
AbstractCognitive and developmental outcomes in patients with epileptic encephalopathy are hypothesized to result from an interplay between the underlying epileptic pathologic substrate and the acquired consequences of frequent and repetitive seizures and epileptiform discharges that often straddle the interictal and ictal boundaries. This article briefly reviews the evidence related to this assumption, presents critical questions that need to be answered to clarify this relationship, and advances a set of concrete steps that may help improve developmental patient outcomes.
International Journal of Epilepsy · 2025 · 1 citations · open access
Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies: Progress in Understanding and Clinical Implications
AbstractAbstract Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a group of complex pediatric epilepsies associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and multiaxial neurological morbidities. The understanding of DEE has evolved from its initial genetic underpinnings, to a clinically driven term encompassing a broader group of etiologies. Although individually rare, the DEEs constitute a sizeable group of pediatric epilepsies. It is especially important to recognize treatable or modifiable entities in this group. This review attempts to highlight the progress in understanding, along with the evolution of the conceptual framework of DEEs. A summary of the currently well-established DEE syndromes is provided along with available precision therapies, which might help the treating physician in the appropriate evaluation and management of the affected children.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 2024 · 0 citations
Research progress on developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
AbstractDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) is a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by drug-resistant seizures and neurodevelopmental delay, which can hinder brain development and lead to severe cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments. DEE is mainly driven by genetic factors, typically with an onset in infancy or early childhood and generally with an overall poor prognosis. This article provides a review of the definition, epilepsy syndromes, genetic etiology, and precision treatment of DEE.
NATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY · 2013 · 0 citations · open access
On the Clinics and Diagnosis of Epileptic Encephalopathy
AbstractEarly childhood is characterized by a continuous process of development of structures and functions of organism, especially central nervous system.The concept of epileptic encephalopathy is based on the assumption that the aggressive epileptic activity during the maturation of the brain is the main causal factor in cognitive and neuropsychological impairment or regress. With age, EEG signs of evolving consistent with the transition into each another. Currently the diagnosis criteria are not well developed and the treatment options are very limited, whereby patients cannot receive adequate treatment that further aggravates encephalopathy. Unfortunately clinicians are often unable to diagnose also benign epileptic syndromes.
A Child with Epilepsy: Initial Presentation and Subsequent Course
AbstractPresented is the case of a child with epilepsy with dramatic evolution between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. Initially, the case is one of treatment-responsive focal epilepsy, but then evolves to treatment-resistant focal epilepsy with an epileptic encephalopathy. The case demonstrates the poorly understood entities of age-related changes in seizure suspectibility, seizure types, and drug responsiveness.
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki · 2025 · 0 citations · open access
Efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: A systematic review
AbstractDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathies constitute rare epileptic conditions characterized by treatment-resistant seizures, neurodevelopmental delays, and various comorbidities. None of the currently available drugs succeeded in suppressing the epileptiform activity in those conditions. Cannabidiol has been used as a novel treatment strategy in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsies. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies through a systematic review. For this systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, trial registries, and reference lists of included studies. All types of studies of pharmaceutical cannabidiol in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies were eligible, and we did not set any language or date restrictions. The risk of bias in included studies was assessed using validated tools. Of the 683 records identified, 13 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Studies were of different types and included a total of 656 children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Cannabidiol was administered at a maximum 50mg/kg/day dose. Almost all studies reported positive outcomes with cannabidiol, leading to a reduction of 50% or above in seizure frequency in at least 20% of patients included in 10 studies. Adverse events were relatively common across studies and included somnolence, loss of appetite, diarrhea, fatigue, and increased serum aminotransferases. Most of them were mild to moderate and reversible. Overall, cannabidiol was found to be well tolerated and to effectively reduce seizure frequency in children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies experiencing seizures uncontrolled with concomitant antiepileptic medications. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of cannabidiol not only in seizure control but also in enhancing the development and quality of life of affected children.
Disease module: DeepOracle (Open Targets). Structures: RDKit from PubChem SMILES. Literature: retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works (targeted per-candidate search), resolved on OpenAlex.
DeCure is a research and publication project, not medical advice and not a treatment. "DeCure for X" describes a research goal, not a claim that a cure exists. Backing a cure is a contribution to fund the research — it is not an investment, and confers no yield, royalty, equity or IP ownership. Papers are published open-access by the DeCure.ai DAO.
