DeCure's autonomous Rare AI scientist is researching a drug-repurposing hypothesis for breast adenosis — screening already-approved drugs against its 22-gene Open Targets disease module to publish open-access research. Research is fast; the path to publication is funded in milestone stages.
Disease moduleBreast adenosis maps to a 22-gene Open Targets module — the target space DeCure's AI scientist screens approved drugs against.
DeCure.ai methodSignature reversal (LINCS) plus network proximity (STRING) rank already-approved drugs likely to perturb this module — the same engine that produces DeCure.ai's repurposing hypotheses.
Repurposing thesisScreening approved medicines against this disease module, then publishing the evidence for the strongest candidate. Known pharmacology and human exposure data make the first question sharper — they do not establish safety or efficacy in a new indication.
Research record
01
ResearchComing soon
Candidate research + dossier — target rationale, drug-repurposing thesis and evidence pack.proof: Published dossier + on-chain hash
02
ValidationComing soon
In-vitro biological validation at a contract research org (CRO).proof: CRO contract + in-vitro report
03
Peer review & paperComing soon
Peer-reviewed paper published open-access (preprint + journal).proof: DOI + open-access link + on-chain hash
Current lead
No approved-drug candidate for breast adenosis is corroborated in the literature DeepSearch retrieved. Some conditions are managed with non-pharmacological care — a device, surgery or physical therapy — rather than a medicine; that may be the case here, or the literature we found may simply be too sparse yet to support a drug-repurposing angle.
Molecular view
NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (NRAS) — NRAS is one of the genes genetically linked to this disease in Open Targets — shown as context, not as a drug target we're pursuing: no approved-drug candidate for this disease is yet corroborated in the literature we found.
Loading structure…
helix sheet gdpdrag to rotate · scroll to zoom
RCSB Protein Data Bank · entry 6ZIO · 1.55 Å · ligand GUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE (GDP). Experimental structure, not a prediction.
What the evidence adds up to
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast, despite being triple-negative, follows an indolent course: in a series of six patients, all presented with localised disease and no axillary node metastases, and although some developed local recurrence or distant metastases, none died of the disease. Erosive adenomatosis of the nipple is described as essentially benign, treatable with nonmutilating curative surgery. Nipple adenomas are benign proliferations that can behave in a locally infiltrative manner and mimic malignancy; the literature consists mainly of case series, with most breast units seeing one to two cases per year, and definitive treatment remains surgical excision with clear margins. A case of nipple adenoma arising in a supernumerary mammary gland presented with a lump and throbbing axillary pain; ultrasound and core biopsy were inconclusive, and diagnosis required surgical excision, after which the patient recovered fully.
For early-infiltrating breast carcinoma, a cohort study of 152 selected patients (161 operated breasts) who underwent mammary adenectomy and immediate reconstruction reported, at a mean follow-up of 43.5 months, seven local recurrences (4.4%), four distant metastases (2.6%) and five deaths (3.3%). The five-year actuarial local recurrence-free survival, recurrence-free survival and overall survival were 97.6%, 98.3% and 98.3%, respectively, with no nipple-areolar complex recurrences; 41 of 64 patients (64%) reported high satisfaction with the reconstructed breasts. This procedure was deemed safe and efficacious only for patients with tumour diameter under 3.0 cm, imaging tumour-nipple distance greater than 2.0 cm and clear margins.
A bioinformatics analysis of miR-133a-1 in breast cancer found that patients with high expression showed longer overall survival than those with low expression. Overexpression in SKBR3 cells identified 1,216 differentially expressed genes (653 upregulated, 563 downregulated), with MOCS3 most upregulated and KRT14 most downregulated; SOX9 and CD44 were hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network, suggesting SOX9 as a potential target of miR-133a-1. This is a computational study, not a clinical intervention. A case of bilateral complex lactating adenosis in a 19-year-old woman after childbirth mimicked cancer growth; histopathology confirmed the diagnosis and simple mastectomy was performed. A third case of adenohibernoma of the breast was reported, not accompanied by breast cancer, and was the first such case to demonstrate adipophilin expression immunohistochemically.
The evidence base for adenosis and related benign breast lesions is dominated by case reports and small series, with no randomised trials or consensus treatment guidelines. What is missing is prospective data on long-term outcomes after conservative excision versus mastectomy for these rare lesions, and any molecular or imaging stratification that could reliably distinguish locally infiltrative benign disease from malignancy before surgery. For the miR-133a-1 finding, validation in larger patient cohorts and functional studies are absent. No drug is tested or recommended in any of these abstracts.
Evidence
Retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works and resolved on OpenAlex — ranked by citations, including the results that did not work.
Cancer Research and Treatment · 2014 · 49 citations · open access
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Series of Six Patients and Literature Review
AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a very rare and indolent tumor with a favorable prognosis, despite its triple-negative status. Due to its rarity, there has been no consensus regarding treatments, and treatment guidelines have not been established. Here, we report on six patients with ACC of the breast. All of the patients initially presented with localized disease and no axillary lymph node metastases. Although some of our patients developed local recurrence or distant metastases, all patients had a favorable clinical course, and to date, none of the patients has died from complications of her disease. Here, we described the clinicopathologic features of ACC of the breast and review the current literature.
AbstractTwo cases and histological observations of erosive adenomatosis of the nipple are presented in detail, and the literature on the subject is reviewed. Erosive adenomatosis is a rare but clearly delineated pathology of the nipple and seems to be essentially benign. Careful clinical and histological examinations with complete investigation of the breast are required for the diagnosis. Nonmutilating curative surgery can be performed.
Annals of Breast Surgery · 2019 · 19 citations · open access
Nipple adenoma: a review of the literature
AbstractNipple adenomas (NA) are benign proliferations that can behave in a locally infiltrative manner and can thus mimic and present with features of breast malignancy. This article presents an up-to-date review of the literature on the presentation, diagnosis pathological assessment and surgical treatment of these rare lesions. A Medline, PubMed and OVID search was performed for all articles on nipple adenomata using keywords “nipple” and “adenoma, papillomatosis, adenosis, syringomatous, erosive, pathology and nodule”. The literature on nipple adenomata consists mainly of case series or case reports, with a variety of management techniques described. Nipple adenomata remain rare benign proliferations with most standard breast units expecting to see one to two cases per year. Mammography and ultrasound remain the most common imaging modalities for diagnosis. They can be locally infiltrative and definitive treatment remains surgical excision with clear margins. Assessment by histological analysis is essential to accurately confirm diagnosis, exclude malignancy and confirm clear margins.
Nipple adenoma arising in a supernumerary mammary gland: a case report.
AbstractNipple adenoma, a benign tumour of the breast, is a relatively rare occurrence. This report describes an even rarer case of nipple adenoma arising within a supernumerary mammary gland. The presenting symptoms were a lump and throbbing pain in the axilla. Ultrasound scan and core biopsy proved inconclusive so surgical excision was undertaken, thus allowing a histological diagnosis. The patient made a full and uneventful recovery. Physicians must be aware that diseases of the breast and nipple-areola complex may also arise in accessory mammary tissue and accessory nipples should not be discounted as a common congenital anomaly. Instead they must be regarded, examined and treated as normal breast tissue.
Sao Paulo Medical Journal · 2019 · 4 citations · open access
Mammary adenectomy followed by immediate reconstruction for treatment of patients with early-infiltrating breast carcinoma: a cohort study
AbstractBACKGROUND: Use of mammary adenectomy for breast carcinoma treatment remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the oncological safety of mammary adenectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for treating selected patients with infiltrating breast carcinoma and to evaluate patients' satisfaction with the reconstructed breasts. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study conducted among patients treated at Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This study was based on 152 selected patients (161 operated breasts) with infiltrating breast carcinoma who underwent mammary adenectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. In all patients, the diameter of the largest focus of the tumor was less than 3.0 cm, the imaging tumor-nipple distance was greater than 2.0 cm and the pathological assessment showed clear margins. The cumulative incidence of local recurrence (LR), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. After at least one year of follow-up, 64 patients were asked about their satisfaction with the reconstructed breast(s). RESULTS: At a mean follow-up time of 43.5 months, seven cases of LR (4.4%), four distant metastases (2.6%) and five deaths (3.3%) were recorded. The five-year actuarial LR-free survival, RFS and OS were 97.6%, 98.3% and 98.3%, respectively. No cases of nipple-areolar complex recurrence were reported. Forty-one patients (64%) indicated a high level of satisfaction with the reconstructed breasts. CONCLUSIONS: Mammary adenectomy is a safe and efficacious procedure for selected patients with early-infiltrating breast carcinoma and results in a high rate of patient satisfaction with the reconstructed breasts.
Translational Cancer Research · 2021 · 2 citations · open access
An integrated bioinformatics analysis to investigate the targets of miR-133a-1 in breast cancer
AbstractBackground: The microRNA (miRNA) miR-133a-1 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-133a-1 in breast cancer have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the targets of miR-133a-1 in breast cancer using an integrated bioinformatics approach. Methods: Human SKBR3 breast cancer cells were transfected with miR-133a-1 or a miRNA negative control (miRNA-NC) for 48 hours. The RNA-seq sequencing technique was performed to identify the differential expression of genes induced by miR-133a-1 overexpression. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to determine the target genes and pathways involved in breast cancer. Results: Breast cancer patients with high levels of miR-133a-1 expression commonly showed longer overall survival compared to patients with a low level of miR-133a-1 expression. Using Cuffdiff, we identified 1,216 differentially expressed genes induced by miR-133a-1 overexpression, including 653 upregulated and 563 downregulated genes. MOCS3 was the most upregulated gene and KRT14 was the most downregulated gene. The top 10 pathways related to the differentially expressed genes were identified through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) demonstrated the highest semantic similarities among the differentially expressed genes. Since SOX9 and CD44 were hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network, the SOX9 gene may be a target of miR-133a-1 in breast cancer. Conclusions: This report provides useful insights for understanding the underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Clinical Case Reports · 2021 · 1 citations · open access
Bilateral complex lactating adenosis: Clinical presentation and management in Sudan
AbstractLactating adenosis is a benign breast neoplasm usually seen during pregnancy and lactation. We present a rare case of bilateral complex benign lactating adenosis in 19-year-old female patient presented with lactating adenosis that mimics cancer growth after giving birth. Histopathology confirmed diagnosis. Simple mastectomy was the treatment of choice.
International Journal of Surgical Pathology · 2011 · 1 citations
Adenohibernoma
AbstractAdenohibernoma of the breast is a very rare tumor composed of brown fat tissue and intermingled glandular tissue. There are only 2 case reports in literature. This study reports the third case of adenohibernoma of the breast, which is not accompanied by breast cancer differing from the previous cases. And, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is also the first case of adenohibernoma of the breast that has demonstrated adipophilin expression immunohistochemically.
Disease module: DeepOracle (Open Targets). Structures: RDKit from PubChem SMILES. Literature: retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works using Disease Ontology synonyms, resolved on OpenAlex.
DeCure is a research and publication project, not medical advice and not a treatment. "DeCure for X" describes a research goal, not a claim that a cure exists. Backing a cure is a contribution to fund the research — it is not an investment, and confers no yield, royalty, equity or IP ownership. Papers are published open-access by the DeCure.ai DAO.
