DeCure's autonomous Immuno AI scientist is researching a drug-repurposing hypothesis for Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune — screening already-approved drugs against its 12-gene Open Targets disease module to publish open-access research. Research is fast; the path to publication is funded in milestone stages.
Disease moduleAnemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune maps to a 12-gene Open Targets module — the target space DeCure's AI scientist screens approved drugs against.
DeCure.ai methodSignature reversal (LINCS) plus network proximity (STRING) rank already-approved drugs likely to perturb this module — the same engine that produces DeCure.ai's repurposing hypotheses.
Repurposing thesisScreening approved medicines against this disease module, then publishing the evidence for the strongest candidate. Known pharmacology and human exposure data make the first question sharper — they do not establish safety or efficacy in a new indication.
Research record
01
ResearchComing soon
Candidate research + dossier — target rationale, drug-repurposing thesis and evidence pack.proof: Published dossier + on-chain hash
02
ValidationComing soon
In-vitro biological validation at a contract research org (CRO).proof: CRO contract + in-vitro report
03
Peer review & paperComing soon
Peer-reviewed paper published open-access (preprint + journal).proof: DOI + open-access link + on-chain hash
Current lead
No approved-drug candidate for anemia, hemolytic, autoimmune is corroborated in the literature DeepSearch retrieved. Some conditions are managed with non-pharmacological care — a device, surgery or physical therapy — rather than a medicine; that may be the case here, or the literature we found may simply be too sparse yet to support a drug-repurposing angle.
Molecular view
Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) — BTK is one of the genes genetically linked to this disease in Open Targets — shown as context, not as a drug target we're pursuing: no approved-drug candidate for this disease is yet corroborated in the literature we found.
Loading structure…
helix sheet 7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yldrag to rotate · scroll to zoom
RCSB Protein Data Bank · entry 6VXQ · 1.4 Å · ligand N-{[4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl]methyl}benzamide (RQS). Experimental structure, not a prediction.
What the evidence adds up to
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is a heterogeneous disease driven by autoantibodies against red blood cells, with or without complement activation. The clinical severity ranges from mild or compensated anaemia to life-threatening anaemia, depending on the antibody’s thermal amplitude, isotype, and ability to fix complement, as well as on bone marrow compensation. A 2023 case report describes a 6-year-old boy with warm antibody AIHA, confirmed by a positive direct antiglobulin test for IgG antibodies, who was treated with corticosteroids and supportive care; his haemoglobin stabilised and symptoms improved. That single case does not provide generalisable response rates or survival data.
Historically, steroids, immunosuppressants, and splenectomy were the mainstays of treatment. A 2020 review notes that several targeted therapies are now increasingly used in clinical practice or are under development in trials, but this has led to an accumulation of relapsed or refractory cases that often present a clinical challenge. The review states that relapsed or refractory cases may resemble pre-myelodysplastic or bone marrow failure syndromes, which advises careful use of immunosuppressants and conversely suggests bone marrow immunomodulating or stimulating agents. AIHA after autologous or allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is increasingly reported, generally severe, refractory to standard therapy, and associated with high mortality. The review also notes that AIHA is increasingly described following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for solid cancers.
Transfusion in AIHA is complicated and potentially dangerous, according to a 2003 review. The selection and delivery of appropriate red blood cell units must focus on detecting the autoantibody, detecting clinically significant alloantibodies potentially masked by autoantibodies, and selecting potentially incompatible units. The 2003 review mentions that red blood cell substitutes may play a future role, but no efficacy data from that period are provided. The 2020 review adds that diagnosis of DAT-negative AIHAs and evaluation of disease-related risk factors for relapse and mortality remain unmet needs. What is still missing are adequately powered prospective trials that stratify patients by antibody type, complement involvement, and underlying aetiology, as well as funding for such trials and standardised protocols for sequencing or combining the newer targeted agents.
Evidence
Retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works and resolved on OpenAlex — ranked by citations, including the results that did not work.
Frontiers in Immunology · 2020 · 142 citations · open access
The Changing Landscape of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a greatly heterogeneous disease due to autoantibodies directed against erythrocytes, with or without complement activation. The clinical picture ranges from mild/compensated to life-threatening anemia, depending on the antibody's thermal amplitude, isotype and ability to fix complement, as well as on bone marrow compensation. Since few years ago, steroids, immunesuppressants and splenectomy have been the mainstay of treatment. More recently, several target therapies are increasingly used in the clinical practice or are under development in clinical trials. This has led to the accumulation of refractory/relapsed cases that often represent a clinical challenge. Moreover, the availability of several drugs acting on the different pathophysiologic mechanisms of the disease pinpoints the need to harness therapy. In particular, it is advisable to define the best choice, sequence and/or combination of drugs during the different phases of the disease. In particular relapsed/refractory cases may resemble pre-myelodysplastic or bone marrow failure syndromes, suggesting a careful use of immunosuppressants, and vice versa advising bone marrow immunomodulating/stimulating agents. A peculiar setting is AIHA after autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is increasingly reported. These cases are generally severe and refractory to standard therapy, and have high mortality. AIHAs may be primary/idiopathic or secondary to infections, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, particularly lymphoproliferative disorders, and drugs, further complicating their clinical picture and management. Regarding new drugs, the false positivity of the Coombs test (direct antiglobulin test, DAT) following daratumumab adds to the list of difficult diagnosis, together with the passenger lymphocyte syndrome after solid organ transplants. Diagnosis of DAT-negative AIHAs and evaluation of disease-related risk factors for relapse and mortality, notwithstanding improvement in diagnostic approach, are still an unmet need. Finally, AIHA is increasingly described following therapy of solid cancers with inhibitors of immune checkpoint molecules. On the whole, the double-edged sword of new pathogenetic insights and therapies has changed the landscape of AIHA, both providing enthusiastic knowledge and complicating the clinical management of this disease.
Current Opinion in Hematology · 2003 · 26 citations
Red blood cell transfusion in autoimmune hemolytic anemia
AbstractPURPOSE OF REVIEW: Transfusion, in the setting of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, can be a complicated and potentially dangerous proposition. RECENT FINDINGS: The selection and delivery of an appropriate red blood cell unit must focus on several areas: (1) the laboratory detection of the autoantibody, (2) the detection of clinically significant red blood cell alloantibodies potentially masked by the autoantibodies, and (3) the selection and delivery of appropriate, although potentially incompatible, units. In addition, alternatives to red blood cell transfusion, specifically red blood cell substitutes, may also play an important role in the clinical treatment of these patients in the future. SUMMARY: In this article, we will review the most recent developments in the transfusion management of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, specifically focusing on published articles between the period of May 2002 to April 2003.
AbstractA 67-year-old female diabetic is presented who developed a Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia after a year of treatment with tolbutamide. An IgG antibody was identified in the patient's serum that caused the agglutination of both the patient's red blood cells and tolbutamide-coated erythrocytes in the absence of complement. Such a reaction did not occur with the patient's erythrocytes when not exposed to tolbutamide. Agglutination of the patient's serum also occurred with erythrocytes treated with other sulfonylureas (chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, carbutamide) but not with phenacetin.
Acute immune hematological complication of oxaliplatin. A series of 3 cases.
AbstractWe report a series of three cases of oxaliplatin-related hematological immune reactions. Two patients developed acute immune hemolytic anemia and the third patient had severe thrombocytopenia. One patient had minor undiagnosed hemolysis after the previous chemotherapy cycle and two of our three patients had minor allergic signs just before the hemolysis. Fifteen cases of immune hemolytic anemia have been reported in the literature, of which only the first was fatal. One case of hemolytic uremic syndrome has been described. Anemia in cancer patients is not always related to myelosuppression and hemolytic anemia can be a severe side effect of oxaliplatin administration.
Internal Medicine · 2023 · 4 citations · open access
Alectinib-induced Hemolytic Anemia with Positive Direct Antiglobulin Test in a Patient with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Possible Drug-drug Interaction Effect
AbstractRecent studies have reported that direct antiglobulin test (DAT) results were negative in cases of alectinib-induced hemolytic anemia with abnormal red blood cell (RBC) morphology. We herein report the case of a 72-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with alectinib-induced hemolytic anemia who - in contrast to previous reports - showed a positive DAT result. After discontinuing famotidine and alectinib, the DAT results turned negative; however, when alectinib was resumed, hemolysis recurred. Although alectinib-induced hemolytic anemia has been previously thought to be associated with abnormal morphological changes of the RBCs, we suggest that alectinib-induced anemia may manifest as DAT-positive immune hemolytic anemia because of a complementary effect with other drugs.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2023 · 0 citations · open access
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia In Pediatric Age Group: A Case Report
AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare condition in which the immune system destroys red blood cells, leading to hemolysis and anemia. This case report describes a 6-year-old male presenting with fatigue, pallor, and jaundice. Laboratory investigations revealed hemolytic anemia with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) for IgG antibodies. The child was diagnosed with warm antibody AIHA and treated with corticosteroids and supportive care. Hemoglobin levels stabilized, and symptoms improved with treatment. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of AIHA in children to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2023 · 0 citations · open access
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia In Pediatric Age Group: A Case Report
AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare condition in which the immune system destroys red blood cells, leading to hemolysis and anemia. This case report describes a 6-year-old male presenting with fatigue, pallor, and jaundice. Laboratory investigations revealed hemolytic anemia with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) for IgG antibodies. The child was diagnosed with warm antibody AIHA and treated with corticosteroids and supportive care. Hemoglobin levels stabilized, and symptoms improved with treatment. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of AIHA in children to prevent complications and improve outcomes.
Indian Journal Of Clinical Practice · 2024 · 0 citations · open access
A Case of Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: Every Anemia – First Type It and Then Treat It
AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a medical disorder where the immune system erroneously targets and destroysred blood cells (RBCs), causing a reduction in their longevity. This results in an inadequate supply of RBCs to carry oxygen,leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness and jaundice. AIHA is categorized into warm and cold types based on theoptimal temperature for antibody activity. A comprehensive grasp of the immunological mechanisms involved is essentialfor accurate diagnosis and effective management of this autoimmune condition. AIHA is a frequently missed diagnosis aspatient are not fully investigated, and treated with vitamin B12, folic acid and iron in outpatient department.
Disease module: DeepOracle (Open Targets). Structures: RDKit from PubChem SMILES. Literature: retrieved by DeepSearch across 234,678,978 indexed works (targeted per-candidate search), resolved on OpenAlex.
DeCure is a research and publication project, not medical advice and not a treatment. "DeCure for X" describes a research goal, not a claim that a cure exists. Backing a cure is a contribution to fund the research — it is not an investment, and confers no yield, royalty, equity or IP ownership. Papers are published open-access by the DeCure.ai DAO.
